Interview Goal

 In modern Java applications—whether core Java applications or enterprise-level web applications—working with passwords is inevitable. Passwords are sensitive pieces of information, just like Social Security Numbers (SSNs), and if you’re handling real human data in systems such as online banking or healthcare portals, it’s critical to implement best practices for dealing with passwords securely. Below, I’ll share five essential best practices that I’ve learned and recommend for managing passwords, particularly when you are handling authentication and authorization. While these tips are a good starting point, be sure to tailor them to your application’s requirements and security policies. 1) Use SSL/TLS to Transfer Username and Password When users send passwords over the network, it is crucial to use SSL/TLS to encrypt the communication. This ensures that sensitive information is protected from eavesdroppers. Tools like LDAP and Active Directory are commonly used for storing usern...

How to create Immutable Class and Object in Java - Tutorial Example Writing or creating immutable classes in Java is becoming popular day by day, because of the concurrency and multithreading advantages provided by immutable objects. Immutable objects offer several benefits over a conventional mutable object, especially while creating concurrent Java applications. An immutable object not only guarantees the safe publication of an object’s state but also can be shared among other threads without any external synchronization. In fact, JDK itself contains several immutable classes like String , Integer , and other wrapper classes. For those who don’t know, immutable objects are those whose state cannot be changed once created. A good example is java.lang.String — once created, a String object cannot be modified. Any operation that seems to modify a String object (like trim() , toUpperCase() , etc.) actually results in a new object. What is an Immutable Class in Java? An immutabl...